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. CUMBERLAND FAMILY TREE Standard Version 3.4 USER MANUAL Copyright 1993 Cumberland Software All rights reserved . CUMBERLAND SOFTWARE Ira J. Lund 385 Idaho Springs Road Clarksville, TN 37043 (615) 647-4012 A Member of the Association of Shareware Professionals ---------------------------------------------------------------------- . WELCOME TO CUMBERLAND FAMILY TREE (Standard Version) (Registration is $30.00 U.S.) You are now the proud owner of the most user-friendly genealogy program available! Here is a brief overview of the major features of Cumberland Family Tree (Standard Version). * Cumberland Family Tree allows entry of individual names, birth, christening, marriage, death and burial dates and places tying them all together automatically as a family and extended family structure. * Friendly pop-up menus and screens with extensive on-line help. Much easier to use than other genealogy programs which use the old fashioned menu driven approach. No other program contains as much on-line help. * Surnames are allowed at beginning, middle or ending of name for full international compatibility. This feature is unavailable in other programs. People from Asian descent CANNOT use any other program without changing the order of their names. * Automatic entry of father's surname when a child is added. Automatic entry of child's surname when a father is entered. This feature is unknown in any other program. If the surname is not correct then simply over write it. * Enter place names only once! The ability to enter a place name once and select it from an easy to use pop-up window forever after is unknown in any other program. This is an enormous time saver as many genealogies are filled with many people who were born, married, and died in the same town for several generations. The re-typing of places names (as is done in other programs) is very time consuming. * Printing of pedigree charts, descendants, family group sheets, individual and marriage listings, birthday, anniversaries, ordinance check lists and other reports. Includes on-screen viewing of printed reports. * GEDCOM import/export utility is available to registered users. * LDS ordinance fields and submission forms. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- . IMPROVEMENTS TO VERSION 3.4 * A new Linkage Editor allows you to easily disconnect relationships without deleting the individual. You can also tie individuals together easily. This may occur when you have individuals whose relationship was uncertain but has now been verified and you wish to include them in the family structure. It also can occur where there are intermarriages in the family and both individuals already exist within the database. * You can now add an individual with out linking them into the family structure. * The Edit Time Line has been moved to the F5-Print1 menu where you can edit the time line just before you print it. * The new Namesearch shows birth year and indicates whether that individual already has parents and the number of marriages. It also automatically scrolls as you type in the name. * The new help system is more comprehensive. It contains the entire manual and includes an index and search feature. * Memory requirements now reduced to 430K free RAM to run the program. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- . LICENSE AGREEMENT By accepting and using this software, you acknowledge that this software may not suit your particular requirements or be completely trouble free. Properly applied this program should operate without error. However, I am not liable for your specific application or problems resulting from its use. If the software does not perform as described liability is limited to replacement of the program and refunding the purchase price to registered users only. There is no liability to you or any other person or entity for any damage or loss, including special, incidental, or consequential damages, caused by this software, directly or indirectly. Some states do not allow the limitation or exclusion of liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This licence agreement is governed by Tennessee law. If any part of this agreement is found to be held invalid, the remainder will remain in effect. This agreement may only be modified by the written consent of the author. Under this license you may not, under any conditions, distribute the Professional version of Cumberland Family Tree. You may, however, distribute the Standard shareware version. You may not distribute the shareware version with any other product or service. It is intended for the private use of individuals only. You may not charge anything when distributing the shareware version with the exception that computer user groups, shareware vendors and BBS's may charge a fee not to exceed $10.00 to cover their own costs of distribution. This program may not be distributed in modified form, meaning that all files must be distributed with the program and must not have been modified. You are allowed to use the shareware version for a 30 day free trial period. After that time if you continue to use the program you are required to pay the registration fee direct to the author or his authorized registration locations. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- . ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It would be very difficult for me to remember everything that so many people have helped me with. Many of my users have given me many ideas. But I do need to mention a few. I must recognize John Hancock, a co-worker of mine at The Trane Company (manufacturer of air-conditioners). He was the one who got me interested in releasing my product as shareware in the very beginning. Prior to that the program had only been intended for my own use. My first registered user was an 18 year old young man named Jeff Murphy, from Lake City, Georgia. He gave me a lot of encouragement when I needed it most. My program was just fresh out but with a few bugs. He sent me several letters with ideas which quickly went into new versions. In a very general way let me say thanks to all of you who have used my early versions and have sent me money which has encouraged me to continue this endeavor. You have been a great encouragement to me. And last, but not least, without the patience of my wife and six children during the months when I seemed huddled up with my computer all evening, I would have been unable to complete this program. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- . THE SHAREWARE CONCEPT Try it before you buy it! The Standard Version of this program is offered under the shareware distribution concept. This means that you are free to copy that version and are encouraged to make copies of it for your friends, but you are requested to pay a REGISTRATION FEE. If you received a disk from a shareware distributor who charged $3 to $5, you have only paid a DISTRIBUTION/HANDLING FEE to copy and produce a disk of which NO PORTION goes to the author of the software. You are encouraged to pay the final REGISTRATION FEE which goes to the author of this software. This fee is also a matter of good conscience. The idea is that if the program is useful, you become a registered user of the program. Under the license agreement, you are permitted to evaluate this program for a period of 30 days. After that time you are required to register the program and pay the registration fee or cease using the program. You may order the Standard Version or the Professional Version. A number of benefits are available to register users. The benefits vary depending on which version of the program you order. They include: 1. A copy of the latest version of Cumberland Family Tree. (When ordering the Professional Version the latest copy of the shareware version is also included which you can make copies of for your friends. The Professional Version is NOT shareware and cannot be copied.) 2. A printed manual with additional sections not found in the shareware CTMANUAL.TXT or on-line help. See Cumberland Software's Family History Series below for a detailed explanation of Cumberland Family Tree Professional. 3. Registration of Cumberland Family Tree Standard Version includes removal of the opening and closing reminder screens and the GEDCOM Import/Export utility. 4. A shareware copy of Cumberland Software's other two Family History programs, Cumberland Story and Cumberland Diary. 5. A registration discount of $5.00 each for the other two programs if you decide to use and register them! 6. After business hours telephone support for the registered program(s). 7. Future updates will be offered to registered users at substantial discounts. 8. Automatic notice of updates and new releases offered by Cumberland Software. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- . THE ASSOCIATION OF SHAREWARE PROFESSIONALS The ASP is an association for shareware authors with the general goals of educating shareware authors and distributors and the public, setting standards, sharing resources and information among members. This program is produced by a member of the Association of Shareware Professionals (ASP). ASP wants to make sure that the shareware principle works for you. If you are unable to resolve a shareware- related problem with an ASP member by contacting the member directly, ASP may be able to help. The ASP Ombudsman can help you resolve a dispute or problem with an ASP member, but does not provide technical support for members' products. Please write to the ASP Ombudsman at 545 Grover Road, Muskegon, MI 49442 or send a CompuServe message via CompuServe Mail to ASP Ombudsman 70007,3536. ====================================================================== . CUMBERLAND SOFTWARE'S FAMILY HISTORY SERIES Cumberland Software offers four Family History Programs: 1. Cumberland Family Tree (Standard Version) 2. Cumberland Family Tree (Professional Version) 3. Cumberland Story 4. Cumberland Diary The features of the other three programs are described below: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .CUMBERLAND FAMILY TREE (Professional Version) $40.00 U.S. The Professional Version of Cumberland Family Tree is not distributed via shareware. It must be purchased directly from Cumberland Software. This program, like Cumberland Family Tree Standard Version, features user-friendly pull-down menus with pop-up screens and on-line help. It also allows surname to be included anywhere within the name (beginning, middle or end). Both programs allow you to enter place names only once, then select from a pop-up list forever after. [640K RAM Required with 530K FREE] * Names up to 60 characters (32 in Standard Version) * Occupation field. * keep track of natural and "adopted" linages. * Calculates Soundex codes. * User-definable events: In addition or instead of birth, christening, marriages, deaths and burials, you can also add other events such as divorces, graduations, bar mitzvahs, engagements or any other event you desire. * Source notes can be attached to each event. Documents (up to 10 pages) can be attached to a source note. * User-definable flags: Can be used to track education or health through multiple generations. * Individual notes are edited with a cut & paste wordprocessor. * Search options allow searches on any field or text. * Calculate relationships between individuals within the database. * Calculate dates and see an eternal calendar (based on the Gregorian Calendar). * Keep address lists of relatives and print mailing labels. * GEDCOM import and export. * Keep unattached notes like to-do-lists in the Scratch Pad. * More Reports: Pedigree (including cascading), ahnentafel, poster pedigree, descendant, modified register, family groups, documents, scratch pads, user-definable individual and marriage lists, individual summary, address list, place list, mail labels, statistics, time line, surname frequency. * Indexed Book: can include all reports except Poster Pedigree and Mail Labels. Produces a full book with all names indexed showing charts and page numbers. * The thick Printed Manual Contains the following sections: 1.Installation & Quick Start 2.Tutorial 3.Detailed Reference 4.DOS for Beginners 5.Climbing Your Family Tree 6.Producing Your Family History Book 7.Do-It-Yourself Book Binding ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .CUMBERLAND STORY $25.00 U.S. Write your own or your ancestor's life story! CUMBERLAND STORY is a shareware application program to help you write and print a structured book about your life or the lives of your ancestors. It contains many ideas and suggestions with a chapter and topic outliner containing memory-jogging prompts. It's features include: * Friendly pop-up menus and screens with extensive on-line help. * A word processor with cut-and-paste features. * A Spell Check dictionary is available to registered users. * Suggested or User-defined Chapters and Topics with printable Table of Contents. * Imports text from CUMBERLAND DIARY for inclusion into your book. * ASCII Text may be exported or imported, allowing swapping of data with other word processors. * A multi-entry text search allows you to find embedded phrases within the diary entries. * Allows creation of multiple books. * A printable manual. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .CUMBERLAND DIARY $20.00 U.S. Full-featured Diary/Journal entry program! CUMBERLAND DIARY is a shareware application program designed for diary or journal entries. Entries may be printed singly, in groups, as an entire book, or imported by CUMBERLAND STORY. It's features include: * Friendly pop-up menus and screens with extensive on-line help. * A word processor with cut-and-paste features. * A Spell Check dictionary is available to registered users. * Optional secrecy mode with password protection and data encryption. * Headings can be included for each entry. More than one entry per day is allowed. Each entry may be up to 10 pages long (about 6,600 words). * Selections may be made by date or by heading. * ASCII Text may be exported or imported, allowing swapping of data with other word processors. * A multi-entry text search allows you to find embedded phrases within the diary entries. * Allows multiple users. * A printable manual. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .ORDERING INFORMATION These programs may be obtained from your shareware distributor or from Cumberland Software for $5.00 postage paid (Distribution and Handling Fee). (Updated versions of all three Family History programs will be sent to registered users.) Registered users of one or more program may deduct $5.00 from the registration fee for the second or third program. To register any of these programs print ORDER.TXT by entering ORDER at the DOS prompt. ====================================================================== .TABLE OF CONTENTS Line Number ---------------------------------------------------------------------- A. Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 1. Hardware & DOS Requirements . . 399 2. Installation . . . . . . . . . . 421 3. Configuring for Windows . . . . 461 4. Upgrading from Version 3.3 . . . 483 B. Cumberland Family Tree Program Overview . 499 1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . 501 2. The CTREE Database . . . . . . . 558 3. File Listing . . . . . . . . . . 608 C. Creating a new CTREE database . . . . . . 637 D. The Help Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . 681 E. The Main Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . 706 F. Individual Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . 733 G. Change Key Individual . . . . . . . . . . 861 1. Change to Spouse/Father/Mother . 867 2. Change to Child . . . . . . . . 872 3. Change to Other Marriage . . . . 880 4. Change by entering RIN . . . . . 893 5. Name Search . . . . . . . . . . 898 6. Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 920 H. Function Key Menus . . . . . . . . . . . 930 1. Menu Overview . . . . . . . . . 933 2. F2-File . . . . . . . . . . . . 949 a. User Information . . . . 951 b. Drive & Directory . . . 958 c. Empty Data Files . . . . 988 d. Exit to DOS . . . . . . 993 3. F3-Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . 998 a. Edit Marriage . . . . . 1000 b. Edit Notes . . . . . . . 1017 c. Linkage Editor . . . . . 1027 d. Add Individual [No Link] 1085 e. Insert Child . . . . . . 1101 f. Delete Individual . . . 1108 g. Delete Individual [RIN] 1117 4. F4-Rearrange . . . . . . . . . . 1125 a. Children Order . . . . . 1127 b. Multiple Marriages . . . 1135 5. F5-Print1 . . . . . . . . . . . 1146 a. Creating, Viewing and Printing Reports . . . . 1148 b. Pedigree Charts . . . . 1169 c. Ahnentafel Charts . . . 1188 d. Descendant Charts . . . 1196 e. Family Group Sheets . . 1200 f. Time Line . . . . . . . 1214 g. Statistics . . . . . . . 1231 h. Printer Setup . . . . . 1240 6. F6-Print2 . . . . . . . . . . . 1280 a. Alpha Individual List . 1282 b. RIN Sorted List . . . . 1286 c. Marriage List . . . . . 1290 d. Notes List . . . . . . . 1294 e. Birthday List . . . . . 1298 f. Anniversary List . . . . 1306 g. Missing Information . . 1314 h. LDS Ordinance Check List 1319 i. LDS Submission Forms . . 1326 7. F7-Utilities . . . . . . . . . . 1333 a. Backup . . . . . . . . . 1335 b. Edit Place Name . . . . 1360 c. Delete Place Name . . . 1368 d. Merge Place Names . . . 1378 e. GEDCOM Import/Export . . 1388 I. The CSORT Utility . . . . . . . . . . . 1417 J. Research Suggestions . . . . . . . . . 1435 1. Individual Naming Conventions . 1440 2. Place Naming Conventions . . . . 1452 3. Date Conventions . . . . . . . . 1464 Appendix A. Troubleshooting and Product Support . . . . . . . . . . 1487 Appendix B. Error Messages . . . . . . . . 1585 ====================================================================== .A. INSTALLATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .1. HARDWARE AND DOS REQUIREMENTS This program requires an IBM compatible computer. It runs okay on a 286 computer, but will do much better on a 386 or faster. A hard drive is required. The program and associated data files together with a small database will take a minimum of 1.0 megabyte of hard drive space. Although this will fit on larger floppy disks, as you add data it will quickly become too large. 640K of RAM (Memory) is required! 430K of Ram needs to be free for the program to run. If you have many TSR's or CONFIG.SYS drivers loaded the program may not have enough memory to run. Almost all printers are supported by this software. Printer configuration strings for Epson and HP Laserjet are included in this manual. Most printers are compatible with these two printers. You can also enter the appropriate printer codes for other printers. DOS 3.0 and up is recommended. This program will also run well under Windows 3.1 and above. .2. INSTALLING THE PROGRAM From the Cumberland Family Tree diskette simply type INSTALL at the DOS prompt and follow directions. The Install procedure will check to see if you have enough available hard disk space. It will then un- compress the files (which are in compressed LZH archived self- extracting files) and install them in the selected directory. Do not create the directory before installation. The install procedure will only install the program in a directory which it creates. You will also be warned about modifying your config.sys file as explained below. You must add or edit the following lines of your CONFIG.SYS file in the root directory and re-boot to run this program: FILES=40 BUFFERS=20 After the CONFIG.SYS file has been edited, you must re-boot the computer before the changes will take effect. Check the README file for a list of files contained on the distribution diskette. See "Cumberland Family Tree Program Overview" for a list of the files which will appear on your hard drive after the program has been installed. ====================================================================== WARNING! This program holds data in memory and automatically saves data as you exit the program. DO NOT TURN OFF THE COMPUTER or RE-BOOT WHILE THE PROGRAM IS RUNNING. Data in memory will not be written to disk and unrecoverable data corruption will occur. Please backup regularly to insure against inadvertent problems such as a power failure. This program has an automatic screen blanker. If you leave the program running unattended the screen will blank out after about 5 minutes. Press any key to turn the screen on again. Be careful to not assume that the computer is turned off if the screen is blank. Re- booting the computer while the program is running will probably corrupt your data. ====================================================================== .3. CONFIGURING FOR WINDOWS After you have installed Cumberland Family Tree as explained above, then start Windows as you normally would. Open one of the Groups where you wish to install Cumberland Family Tree (such as the "Main" Group.) Select the File pull-down menu from the Program Manager. Select "New" and highlight "Program Item". You will now see a screen where you can inter the following information: Description: Cumberland Family Tree Command Line: CTREE Working Dir: C:\CTREE (or other directory you defined during installation.) You can select the "Change Icon" button and choose an Icon from the Program Manager. Press OK on all screens until you are back to the main Window, where you should now see the Icon and Cumberland Family Tree program within your selected Group. To run simply double click on the Icon as you would any other program. Cumberland Family Tree does not support a mouse. It is a DOS program and once you are in the program you should operate it as a DOS program. .4. UPGRADING FROM CUMBERLAND TREE VERSION 3.3 The file structure for Version 3.4 is identical to Version 3.3. Therefore you simply need to backup your old data files, install the new program and then restore your old data files for immediate access to them. 1. Copy the files (in your CUMBERLAND TREE sub-directory) to a safe directory or a floppy disk for later restoration. 2. Install the new version of CUMBERLAND FAMILY TREE as explained above. The new directory will be called CTREE. The old directory was called TREE. 3. Copy the saved files from step 1 back to the \CTREE sub- directory. Your database should now be ready to use. ====================================================================== .B. CUMBERLAND FAMILY TREE PROGRAM OVERVIEW ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .1. OVERVIEW The CUMBERLAND TREE Family Tree Program is an application program for doing genealogy work. It allows entry of individual names, birth, christening, marriage, death and burial dates and places tying them all together automatically as a family and extended family structure. It will print out pedigree charts, descendant charts, family group sheets, individual and marriage listings, birthdays, anniversaries, ordinance check lists and many other reports. Visually attractive pop-up menus allow you to always know where you are and where you came from in the program. The simple pop-up screens make this complicated program appear to be much simpler than it really is. The program automatically keeps track of relationships of all individuals. This is accomplished because an individual is added only by entering him/her into the existing family structure. There is no lengthy sequence of menus to track through in order to identify someone into the family lineage. Repeat typing of surnames is greatly reduced by automatically adding the father's surname to a new individual, or an individual's surname when a father is added. Flexible, world-wide individual name entry is accomplished by allowing a surname to appear anywhere in the name. Two fields request a name. In the first field is entered the surname and all names following it. In the second field is entered all names (if any) preceding the surname. Thus, names can still be sorted alphabetically by surname. Examples of names: Standard English/American: Ira Johan LUND Scandinavian name with appended ancestry locality name: Johan Severin SVENDSEN Rage Oriental (Surnames always first): ZHENG Chooi Fong Any place name only needs to be entered once. Most genealogies are filled with people being born, marrying and dying in the same place, generation after generation. Once a full place name (city, county, state/country) is entered it is assigned a place name number. Any subsequent use of that same place name can be entered by simply entering it's number. Whenever a place name is requested and a number is entered, the number is immediately replaced with the name, thus assuring immediate verification of the proper place name. This program also imports and exports GEDCOM (GEnealogical Data COMmunication) files. GEDCOM is the standard format for interchanging data between various genealogy programs. Most major genealogy programs support importing and exporting to GEDCOM files. This allows the transference of data between programs. Limitations: 20 Children per marriage 8 Spouses per individual ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .2. THE CTREE DATABASE A short description of how the Cumberland Tree data files work may help you better understand how the program works and the relationship between the data files. The primary files are INDIVID.DAT and MARRIAGE.DAT. (Any files with an extension of K01,K02, etc. are simply indexes for the associated data files.) INDIVID.DAT contains a record for each individual in your database. It contains a pointer which points to the marriage record (MRIN) of his/her parents. It also contains an array of 8 elements which points to the marriage record of his/her marriages. MARRIAGE.DAT contains one record per marriage. It contains pointers pointing to the RIN of the husband, the wife and an array of 20 elements pointing the RIN of each child in the marriage. The diagram below illustrates these relationships. INDIVID.DAT Parents MRIN for RIN Name MRIN First Marriage 1. Mr. Smith 0 1 2. Mrs. Smith 0 1 3. First Child Smith 1 0 4. Second Child Smith 1 0 MARRIAGE.DAT MRIN Husband Wife Child#1 Child#2 ... 1. 1 2 3 4 INDIVID.DAT and MARRIAGE.DAT also contain place pointers (not a place name) for each occurrence of a place name (Birth, Chr, Marriage, Death and Burial). These pointers point to the record number of the place name contained in the PLACE.DAT file. INDIVID.DAT also contains a pointer pointing to the first note contained in HISTORY.DAT. Each record in HISTORY.DAT contains a pointer pointing to the next note, thus a group of ten notes can be linked as shown below: INDIVID.DAT RIN Name Note Ptr 1. Mr. Smith 20 HISTORY.DAT Record Entered Note Next Ptr 20. First note 21 21. Second Note 22 22. Last Note 0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .3. FILE LISTING --------------PROGRAM-FILES-------------------------------- CTREE.EXE The Cumberland Tree Program CTREE.CFG Cumberland Tree Configuration File CSORT.EXE Program to fix key file corruption CTMANUAL.TXT Text file containing manual and help CTHELP.IDX Help Index File CTHELP.K01 Key file for Help Index CTHELP.IDX ORDER.TXT Text file containing Order Form ORDER.BAT Batch file to print ORDER.TXT VENDOR.DOC Documentation for Shareware Vendors SYSOP.DOC Documentation for BBS Sysops FILE_ID.DIZ Program Description for BBSs and Vendors --------------CUMBERLAND-TREE-DATA-FILES------------------- HISTORY.DAT Historical Notes Database INDIVID.DAT Individual Database MARRIAGE.DAT Marriage Database PLACE.DAT Place Name Database TIMELINE.DAT Time Line Data File USERID.DAT User Info File INDIVID.K01 Individual Key File #1 INDIVID.K02 Individual Key File #2 MARRIAGE.K01 Marriage Key File PLACE.K01 Place Name Key File ----------------------------------------------------------- ====================================================================== .C. CREATING A NEW CTREE DATABASE ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Cumberland Family Tree comes with a sample database which you can use to experiment with the program. As soon as you would like to begin entering your own data there are two ways in which you may prepare the program to receive your data. Option 1. If you do not care to keep the sample database you may simply pull down the F2-File menu and select "Empty Data Files". This option will prompt you before deleting the files and rebuilding empty files for your use. These files will be in the same sub-directory as the CTREE program. That is all you need to do. You may now enter your own data. Option 2. If you want to keep the sample database for occasional experimentation or if you have more than one database you would like to set up and maintain you may want to create other sub- directories with CTREE data. Step 1. Create sub-directories as needed while in DOS. For example: Since the sample data is in C:\CTREE I might create a sub-directory for my family within the tree sub-directory C:\CTREE\LUND. If I am working on other lines I might also create other sub-directories such as C:\CTREE\BROWN. C:\ ----CTREE--+--LUND | +--BROWN The diagram above showing two sub-directories out of the CTREE sub-directories would contain three sets of data, one in CTREE, one in LUND and one in BROWN. See your DOS manual on Making Directories. The command is MKDIR or MD. to make the LUND sub- directory, you would type MD \TREE\LUND. Step 2. Start the program from the CTREE sub-directory (by entering CTREE). Pull down the F2-File menu and select "Drive & Directory". By entering a new directory path name such as C:\CTREE\LUND, the program will make the data files in that sub- directory the current database. If this is a new sub-directory with no CTREE data files, the program will automatically create new empty data files for your use. ====================================================================== .D. THE HELP WINDOWS ---------------------------------------------------------------------- The Help System works by opening a screen into the on-disk manual called CTMANUAL.TXT. The Help System is context sensitive. It opens the text file to the location explaining the option you are currently using. There are also three help options to help you find the information and help you need. 1. F2-INDEX. This option opens a pop-up window with a list of indexed topics. The topics are entered alphabetically and you can quickly find what you are interested in by beginning to type the name of the topic. As the letters you type appear at the top of the window, the list will automatically scroll to the nearest alphabetical location in the list. You may also page-up and page- down. Use the arrow keys to select your topic and press the enter key to select it. The on-line Manual-Help System will immediately open to the appropriate location. 2. F3-LINE. This option allows you to enter the line number in the help text file which you wish to quickly go to. 3. F4-SEARCH. You may press F4 and enter any word. The Help System will search the manual for the word entered, beginning at the current location. If the word is found it will display the page with the word highlighted. ====================================================================== .E. THE MAIN SCREEN ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Before describing the main screen you must first understand the database structure of CUMBERLAND FAMILY TREE. As an individual is entered, he/she is automatically assigned a Record Identification Number (RIN). Whenever a spouse or marriage is entered a Marriage Record Identification Number (MRIN) is automatically assigned. These unique numbers help identify each individual, even when there are more than one person with the same name. The RIN and MRIN are used throughout the program and are printed on many of the reports. You do not need to attempt to memorize these numbers as all individuals can be accessed by name only. The main program screen consists of one family group. The key individual is the first one at the top. Associated with that individual is the spouse, parents and children of that marriage. Adding or editing an individual is as simple as pointing to the appropriate location and pressing the enter/return key to bring up the Individual Edit Screen. At the top of the screen is printed the User Name and Reports Title which can be edited by the User Information selection from the F2-File menu. Just above the Family Group is a list of the available menus. At the very bottom of the screen is a list of single character commands which allows the displayed Family Group to be changed. ====================================================================== .F. INDIVIDUAL EDITOR ---------------------------------------------------------------------- To edit an existing individual or add a new individual use the up and down cursor keys to "point" to the appropriate individual or "-Add-". Simply press the return key to pop-up the individual editor. Older European church parish registers often recorded the Christening (Chr) date of an infant. This date is often used to ascertain the approximate age of a child, especially when the birth date is unavailable. A child was usually christened (or baptized) within a few days of their birth. Thanks to the efforts of the early priests, these parish records have often been the sole source of information of a child's birth. Thus, the field for christening "Chr" is included along with Birth, Death and Burial. Sex Field: Sometimes the first field (sex) will automatically contain an 'F' or 'M' if the sex is obvious to the program when adding a new individual. Otherwise enter the sex as appropriate. Only M, F and ? are allowed. A question mark is only allowed if the individual is not married. A marriage is not allowed if the individual's sex is "?". Name Fields: Enter the surname in capitals followed by all names following the surname in the field labeled 'Surname:'. Enter all names preceding the surname in the field labeled 'Given name:'. This allows names to be sorted by Surname first despite it's location within the full name. The suggested naming convention is to enter the entire surname in CAPITAL LETTERS while the given names are entered in lower case with appropriate capital letters. If a child is being added, the surname of the father will automatically appear in the surname field. If the father of the key individual is being added, the key individual's surname will automatically appear in the surname field. If the surname is different, simply type over or use the ctrl_end key to clear the field. When entering titles such as John Smith III, put the surname with the title following just as it should appear in the Surname field. Examples: John SMITH III - Surname field: SMITH III Given Name field: John Henry BROWN, Jr. - Surname field: BROWN, Jr. Given Name field: Henry Date Fields: All dates should be entered as day of month, followed by the first three letters of the month and finally all four numbers of the year. (Example: 12 Jun 1945) Although in the U.S. it is standard practice to write a date with numbers many other countries in using the same practice flip the positions of the date and month. This will always cause confusion. Always include all four numbers of the year. The date field has been deliberately left free-format. In some instances you may not want to be locked into a structured format. However, there are reports which require the above entry in order to work properly. The birthday and anniversary lists will not include individuals with dates that do not conform to the above structure. Nor will the Statistics report and Temple submission reports be able to calculate the proper age of individuals. Place Fields: When the place name is entered for the first time it will be added to the Place name file and assigned a Place Name Number. The suggested entry convention is City,County/ Province,State/ Country with no spaces entered after the commas in order to save space. (Example: Preston,Franklin,Idaho) If the place name you desire is already in the place name file, the place name can be entered four different ways. 1. The place name may be re-entered by typing it in EXACTLY as it was typed in before. If the place name is not typed in precisely (character for character) as it was entered previously it will be treated as a new name and be assigned a new record number. [NOTE: You can use the Merge Place Name function under the F7 menu to merge two place names spelled differently.] 2. If the record number of the place name desired is known, simply enter the number in the place name field. As soon as you press return the proper place name will replace the number. 3. If you cannot remember the number of the place name desired you can press F4-Num-Place to access a pop up screen which lists the place names sorted by their record numbers. You may use the cursor keys to point at the name desired and press enter to select. 4. Another method of selecting place names when the record number is unknown is with the F3-Alpha-Place command. Before pressing F3 you may enter the first few letters of the name desired. Thus when F3 is entered, the pop-up list of place names will begin with place names coming alphabetically after the entered letters. For example, if the name you want to access is 'Stavanger,Rogaland,Norway' first type in any number of the first few letters, such as 'Sta'. Then press F3 and the pop-up screen will list all names currently in the place name file beginning with the letters 'Sta'. Temple Codes: (LDS only) Generally accepted temple codes are usually entered in the fields labeled 'Temple'. Several typical temple codes are listed below: AL - Cardston, Alberta, Canada AT - Atlanta, Georgia AZ - Mesa, Arizona IF - Idaho Falls, Idaho JR - Jordan River, Utah LA - Los Angeles, California LD - London, England LG - Logan, Utah OG - Ogden, Utah OK - Oakland, California PV - Provo, Utah SG - St. George, Utah SL - Salt Lake City, Utah SW - Bern, Switzerland This field should also be used to indicate special conditions such as the following: BIC Born in the Covenant. STI Stillborn. DNS Do not seal. INF Infant, do not do ordinance work. ====================================================================== .G. CHANGE KEY INDIVIDUAL ---------------------------------------------------------------------- The current Family Group can be changed by pressing the first letter of the choices shown at the bottom of the screen. (All change keys refer to changing the Key Individual.) 1. Change to Spouse/Father/Mother: The first three items, Father, Mother, and Spouse, will immediately change the key individual to the father, mother or currently shown spouse of the current key individual. 2. Change to Child: Pressing a "C" will cause a pop-up window to appear, listing all of the children of the current Family Group. Pointing and pressing enter/return for the desired child will cause the current individual to be changed to the selected child. If you point to a child before pressing "C", that child will become the key individual automatically without causing the pop-up window to appear. 3. Change to Other Marriage: Pressing an "O" will cause a pop-up window to appear, showing all spouses for the current key individual. Use the pointer to select the spouse you wish to show as the spouse of the key individual, then press enter. This screen is also used for adding other marriages. To add another spouse, simply point to the -Add Marriage- item and press enter/return. An edit screen will appear requesting the name of the spouse, followed by a marriage screen. Deleting a marriage will remove the marriage, but not the individuals. This option could result in individuals not tied to the main family structure. 4. Change by entering RIN: By pressing an "R" any RIN (Record Identification Number) in the entire database may be requested as the key individual. You will not be allowed to request a deleted RIN. 5. Name Search: Pressing an "N" will bring up a pop-up window allowing you to select an individual by name. As you will see the names are listed in surname alphabetical order. You can page down or page up while in the name search. However, there is a very easy way to select the individual you wish without paging down forever. At the top of the NameSearch screen, you will see the following "[Surname, Given]". Simply begin to enter the surname. You will see it appear in the block at the top and the screen scrolling immediately as you enter the name. Once the surname is entered, enter a comma and a space before entering the given name. You can enter as many or as few characters as you wish. You can page down or up from wherever you are. Simply point at the individual you want and press the enter key to select. You must enter the names in the CASE you entered them (upper or lower case). You will also notice that to help you select the appropriate individual, there is some more information to the right of the name: the birth year, Sex, number of marriages "No MR", and whether that individual has parents "Pr". Thus, if you have different individuals with the same name (as occurs often in extended families) you will be able to identify the right person. 6. Tree: Pressing a "T" will bring up a pedigree diagram with the key individual at the far left. Using the arrow keys allows you to move up and down the tree. Pressing the up or down arrow key at the far right will cause the tree to shift one generation. Pressing the left arrow key to the far left will cause the Child selection screen to appear. After selecting a child, the tree will shift down one generation. Pressing return on any individual will request them as the key individual. ====================================================================== .H. FUNCTION KEY MENUS ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .1. MENU OVERVIEW ---------------------------------------------------------------------- The six function keys, F2 through F7, are pull down menus. The function keys are readily understood by computer novices. For those who are more familiar with using the Alt-key, you may also access the menus by pressing the Alt-key together with the first letter of the appropriate menu. For example: Alt-F will bring up the F2-File menu, Alt-E will bring up the F3-Edit menu, Alt-R will bring up the F4- Rearrange menu, etc. Once any one menu is up, menus may be rotated to the previous or next menu by using the right and left arrow keys. Notice that some menu items have short-cut keys shown to the right of the menu item, usually control keys. These items can be accessed with the appropriate key without accessing the menu. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .2. F2-FILE ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .a. User Information The User Information Editor is the access to the name and address of the submitter of reports in the file. The name entered will be printed on many of the reports generated. There is also a field for a Title which will be used on several of the reports. The User name and Reports Title are also displayed on the main screen. .b. Drive & Directory You may set the drive and sub-directory for the Cumberland Tree data files. Leaving this field blank will cause the program to read the data files from the default (current) sub-directory. When specifying another sub-directory, you must put a "\" after the drive and sub-directory name. (See your DOS manual for tree structured sub-directory naming conventions.) Below are valid examples: B:\ C:\TREE\BROWN\ \TREE\SMITH\ If no Cumberland Tree data files exist on the specified drive or sub-directory, files will automatically be created. You can create multiple data files and use this option to switch between them. For example: two directories for two families could be created: C:\TREE\BROWN\ and C:\TREE\SMITH\ . You may want to create your own sub-directories and leave the sample data which came with this program in the default sub-directory to use for experimentation and study. When starting up the program, data will be read from the sub- directory last accessed at the previous session. If a specified sub-directory cannot be found upon startup, the default sub- directory will be used. Since the program immediately opens the Cumberland Tree files, the 10 (See list in README file) data files must be available (either in the default sub-directory or specified sub-directory) or the program will not start. .c. Empty Data Files This option will delete all data entered into the database of the currently active sub-directory as explained in the previous option. Use this option with caution! .d. Exit to DOS This option will ask for verification before returning to DOS. (It has a short-cut key, Ctrl-X.) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .3. F3-EDIT ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .a. Edit Marriage You must use the cursor key to point at the individual whose marriage information you wish to edit. Selecting this option will cause the marriage edit window to appear. (This option also has a short-cut key, Ctrl-M.) All fields are similar to those explained under the Individual Editor. When accessing the marriage screen, if an individual's spouse has not already been defined, the 'Edit Individual' screen will appear requesting you to add that person's spouse prior to editing marriage information. If a person's sex is "?" then you will not be allowed to create a marriage record for them. If there is a single parent or you do not know the spouse, simply add a spouse (as a New RIN), do not enter any information and exit the edit individual screen. The individual's name will show up as a question mark "?". This will allow a child or children to be added. .b. Edit Notes Use the cursor keys to point to the individual you wish to edit notes for and access this option. (This option also has a short-cut key, Ctrl-N.) A maximum of 10 lines are allowed for each individual. When the notes are printed at the bottom of Family Group Sheets, a maximum of 10 notes will be printed - not 10 notes per individual, but 10 notes total from all individuals on the Family Group Sheet. After the first 10, other notes will be ignored. .c. Linkage Editor There are several purposes for the Linkage Editor. With the Linkage Editor you can create a marriage record to link two individuals together in marriage when both of them are already in the database. In the Linkage Editor you can remove a husband, wife or child from a marriage without deleting him/her from the database. In the Linkage Editor you can add a person - who already exists in the database - as a husband, wife or child to an existing marriage. To truly understand how the Linkage Editor works, you must clearly understand that while in the Linkage Editor you cannot add or delete any individual from the database. The Linkage Editor only allows you to connect or remove individuals from a marriage record. It is only through a marriage record that relationships exist. There are really only two types of relationships: 1) a spousal relationship where a person is a husband or wife in a marriage and 2) a child relationship where a person is a child of a particular marriage. As long as you clearly understand these relationships you should be able to manipulate the links which tie individuals together. These links are all tied together through the marriage record. Upon first entering the Linkage Editor you will be asked for the MRIN which you wish to work upon. If you enter a zero (0) a new marriage record will be created. (As a footnote, you will notice that if you ever delete or remove all individuals from a given marriage record, that MRIN does not automatically get reused. It will be skipped on some reports, like the marriage lists. But if you wish, you can reuse that marriage record by calling it up in the Linkage Editor and linking individuals to it.) If you do not remember the MRIN you wish to work with you may press F3 to do a NameSearch to select the marriage. If the person selected has more than one marriage you will be presented a screen requesting you to designate which marriage. After selecting the marriage you wish to work on, the screen will display the husband, wife and children of that marriage. (Use the page-down key to see children #11 through 20.) To "link" an individual to this marriage record, simply point to the appropriate "Add" item and press the return key. You will be prompted to enter an RIN. From this screen you may also press F3 to do a NameSearch. See details on using the NameSearch feature as explained earlier in this manual. After selecting an individual, their name will appear on the Linkage Editor Screen. That person has now been attached to the marriage record. To "remove" an individual from the marriage record, simply point to the appropriate individual and press the delete key. Remember, this does not delete the individual from the database. It merely removes his/her "link" or connection to the marriage record. When you are done working with a marriage record, you may select another marriage record by pressing F3 or press "Esc" to exit the Linkage Editor. .d. Add Individual [No Links] There are times when you may wish to add an individual (or group of individuals) to your database who is not related to anyone else in your database, or rather, you cannot find the relationship but believe that at a later date you will find it. You can add these individuals with this option. Press the F3 key and select the "Add Individual (no links)" option. You will immediately be presented with the Edit Individual Screen. After you are finished adding a no-link person and have pressed the escape key, that person will become the key individual. You can then add a spouse, parents or children if desired. Since this individual is not related to any other in the database, the only way you can get back to the other "branch" is to use the NameSearch or RIN options at the bottom of the main screen. .e. Insert Child First point to the child who was born immediately after the child you wish to insert. (This option also has a short-cut key, the Insert [Ins] key.) This command works exactly like pressing return on the "--Add Child--" field except that it will insert the new individual as a child in the proper order. .f. Delete Individual This option deletes the individual which the pointer is pointing to. (This option also has a short-cut key, the delete [Del] key.) Before deletion, however, a prompt will request verification. This command will not work if you are pointing at the top individual in a Family Group. To delete that individual, change the family group to show him/her as a spouse, parent or child. You cannot delete the individual with RIN #1. .g. Delete Individual [RIN] This option allows deletion of an individual by entering the RIN. Before deletion a prompt will request verification. This command is useful for times when deletions of other individuals cut some individuals off from the main family tree and those individuals also need to be deleted. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .4. F4-REARRANGE ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .a. Children Order This option allows the children to be sorted by their proper order, although they were not entered in the order in which the births occurred. It works very similar to the Multiple Marriages Order window. You simply enter the number of that child to the left of the child's name (1 for the first child, 2 for the second, and so on). Press F9 to re-order the children or Esc to Abort. .b. Multiple Marriages This option allows multiple marriages to be sorted by their proper order, although they were not entered in the order in which the marriages took place. It is important to enter the spouses in the order of their marriages to the key individual. A pop-up window listing all marriages will appear. Simply enter the number of occurrence of each marriage (1 for first marriage, 2 for the second, and so on) in the numeric fields on the left. Press F9 to re-order the marriages or Esc to Abort. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .5. F5-PRINT1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .a. Creating, Viewing and Printing Reports All reports are formatted to print on 8 1/2 by 11 inch pages. Almost all printers are supported. (See Chapter F. F5-Print1/ Printer Setup.) To create a report, first select the report from the F5-Print1 or F6-Print2 menu. Whenever a report is created a file is created on the hard drive containing the report ready to be sent to the printer. The F7 key will allow the created report to be viewed on screen. The F8 key allows the report to be sent to the printer. The report may also be printed from the view screen. Almost all reports under F5-Print1 and F6-Print2 can be aborted early by pressing "S" as shown while the report is being printed. Be patient, the report will stop printing at a convenient line, eject a page and return control of the computer back to you. If you shut off the printer you will get a red error screen. If you select Abort at this point the program will quit and you will be dropped down to DOS. The graceful way to stop printing is to press "S" and wait for the printer to stop itself. .b. Pedigree Charts: You may print up to 10 separate pedigree charts in one printing or a complete ancestry series of pedigree charts up to 100 charts. Enter the "RIN", "Chart number", "Same as number" and "On chart number" as requested for each chart desired. You may select the RIN by pressing F5-Name Search. Press F3 to create. All charts will be printed until the first RIN with a zero (0) is reached, at which point the printing will stop. To automatically print a full ancestry series, enter information for only one RIN . Then press F4 for automatic printing. All charts will be numbered beginning with the Chart number specified and continuing in order from there. The individuals numbered 8 through 15 on each pedigree chart will contain the proper continuation chart number. The upper right hand corner of each sheet will also show that No. 1 on the current sheet is the same individual as the appropriate numbered individual on the proper chart number. .c. Ahnentafel Charts These charts are similar to a pedigree chart but lists ancestors one after another. The Ahnentafel Number corresponds to the person numbers on a pedigree chart but extends with more generations. Up to 20 generations may be printed on the Ahnentafel chart. Enter the RIN (or select from Namesearch) the individual to be shown as number 1. .d. Descendent Charts This chart will list all of the descendants of a specified individual up to 14 generations. .e. Family Group Sheets. Up to 30 Family Group Sheets may be printed at one time by entering the MRIN's of the sheets desired. If you do not know the MRIN, press F5 to do Name Search. Press F3 to create. Printing will stop when the first zero (0) MRIN is reached. Notice that history notes appear at the bottom of the same page (rather than a second page) that the individual appears in a Family Group Sheet. Multiple marriages are also indicated. If there is not enough room in the 'Other Wives' or 'Other Husbands' fields, then other marriages will be shown in the notes at the bottom of the page. A maximum of 15 notes can be printed at the bottom of each page. After printing the first 15 notes, all other notes will be ignored. (Maximum 10 notes for LDS Family Group Sheets.) .f. Time Line This option displays a graphical diagram showing the Birth, Marriage and Death dates along a time line of selected individuals. Use the Insert-Key to select individuals with the Namesearch screen. This will insert the selected individual after the one the cursor is pointing to. Use the Delete-key to remove an individual from the chart. The left and right arrow keys will move the time line from left to right. A maximum of 50 individuals can be included in the time line. When exiting this option, the names entered will be saved in the file TIMELINE.DAT. If you have changed the birth, marriage or death dates of an individual it will not automatically change in the TIMELINE file. You must delete and then re-select that individual. The time line can be printed with the F3-Print option. .g. Statistics This option produces a one page report with a multitude of statistics about your data including; number of individuals, marriages, average life span, life span distribution, number of history notes, place names, average number of children per marriage and more. Life spans are calculated for individuals with standard dates as explained under the section on dates in Chapter D. Individual Editor. .h. Printer Setup In this window you may specify a port or file name to output the report to a file. If a valid port name is entered, the reports are routed to the appropriate printer or port. Valid ports are as follows: LPT1 or PRN The usual port for parallel printers LPT2 LPT3 COM1 The usual port for serial printers COM2 If a valid port is not entered (do not enter ":" after the port name), the entry is assumed to be a file name and all reports are written to the current drive and directory. Usual nomenclature for files is 1-8 character base file name, a period, and a 0-3 character extension. (Example: REPORT.PRN) The printer setup strings are sent to the printer at the appropriate time. If an untypable character is needed, enter the ASCII code in arrow-brackets. (Example: <15> is the code for Epson 16 CPI. Multiple ASCII codes can be entered with commas between them: <27,77> ) The setup strings should be set as noted below: EPSON HP LASERJET Reset: <27,64> <27,69> <27,40,49,48,85> (The second set of numbers above is for the U.S. symbol set. See the printers manual for other languages.) Bold: <27,71> <27,40,115,51,66> Cancel Bold: <27,72> <27,40,115,48,66> 16 CPI: <15> <27,40,115,49,54,46,54,54,104,48,66> 10 CPI: <18> <27,40,115,49,48,72> 1/6 Spacing: <27,50> <27,38,108,54,68> 1/8 Spacing: <27,48> <27,38,108,56,68> Pedigree Line: <45> <196> ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .6. F6-PRINT2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .a. Alpha Individual List This option produces an alphabetical (by Surname) sorted list of all individuals in the database. .b. RIN Sorted List This report produces a RIN Sorted list of all individuals in the database. .c. Marriage List This report produces a list of all marriages (by MRIN) in the database. .d. Notes List This report produces a list of all notes which have been entered into the database. .e. Birthday List This option produces a list of individuals sorted Name or by Month and day of their birthday. It also shows their age on the current years birthday. You have the option of including or excluding deceased individuals. Birthdays of individuals without standard dates (as explained under dates in Chapter D. Individual Editor) will not be shown. .f. Anniversary List This option produces a list of marriages sorted by Month and day of their marriage. It also shows how many years they would have been married on the current years anniversary. You have the option of including or excluding deceased individuals. Dates must conform to the standards explained in Chapter D. Individual Editor in order to be shown on this list. .g. Missing Information This option produces a list of individuals indicating whether the following information is missing from the database; birth date and place, marriage date and place, death date and place. .h. LDS Ordinance Check List This option produces an ordinance check list beginning with a specified individual and listing names of ancestors in the order of an ahnentafel chart. It lists ordinance dates for Baptism, Endowment, Sealing to spouse, sealing to parents and indicates the number of children sealed to them. .i. LDS Submission Forms There are two forms for submission of LDS ordinance work; Individual Entry Forms and Marriage Entry Forms. Please check with your local genealogical leaders for information verification before submitting data for Temple work. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .7. F7-UTILITIES ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .a. Backup This option will allow you to backup the data to any drive or sub- directory. The backup utility with this program is simply a copy command. If you create data files too large to fit on one diskette, you should use your own backup utility to backup the data. The data files from the directory last specified in the F2- File/Drive & Directory option will be backed up. The files backed up will be the following set of 10 files: HISTORY.DAT Historical Notes Database INDIVID.DAT Individual Database MARRIAGE.DAT Marriage Database PLACE.DAT Place Name Database TIMELINE.DAT Time Line Data File USERID.DAT User Info File INDIVID.K01 Individual Key File #1 INDIVID.K02 Individual Key File #2 MARRIAGE.K01 Marriage Key File PLACE.K01 Place Name Key File To restore the data use the DOS Copy command: Example: COPY A:*.* C:\CTREE .b. Edit Place Name This option allows you to edit an incorrectly spelled place name. Changing the place name once with this option changes it for all occurrences of the place name throughout the entire database. When the window with the list of place names is showing you can press any letter of the alphabet and the list will immediately jump to the first place name starting with that letter. .c. Delete Place Name This option allows you to delete a bad place name. It may be that a place name or part of a place name was accidentally entered in one of the edit screens. To delete a place name may take a while since the program must not only delete it from the place name file, but also delete all reference to that place name in the Individual and Marriage files. When the window with the list of place names is showing you can press any letter of the alphabet and the list will immediately jump to the first place name starting with that letter. .d. Merge Place Names This option allows you to merge two place names. If a place name has been entered twice with two different spellings they can be merged into one place name. The Primary Place Name is the one which will remain after the merging. All occurrences of the Secondary Place Name in the database will be changed to the Primary Place Name. When the window with the list of place names is showing you can press any letter of the alphabet and the list will immediately jump to the first place name starting with that letter. .e. The GEDCOM Import/Export Utility (Available to registered users only.) The GEDCOM (GEnealogical Data COMmunications) format is a genealogical data file standard which allows data to be shared with most other popular genealogy programs. The Cumberland Tree program can receive data from any other genealogy program which can export to a GEDCOM file. Any other program which will import a GEDCOM file can load information from Cumberland Tree. To export a file to GEDCOM, select the GEDCOM export file menu item and enter the proper file name. The extension .GED will be added to the file name if it is not already included. A .GED extension is required. Press F9 to create the GEDCOM file. Every individual and family record in the Cumberland Tree database will be exported to the GEDCOM file. To import a GEDCOM file, select the GEDCOM import menu item and enter the proper file name. A .GED extension is required. Press F9 to load the GEDCOM file. It would be best to make certain that the Cumberland Tree data files are emptied (See F2-File/ Empty Data Files) prior to loading the GEDCOM file. If the Cumberland Tree files are not emptied then the GEDCOM information will be APPENDED to the current Cumberland Tree Data. However, there will be no family links between the two sets of data. To create the links select "E" (Existing RIN) when adding a child or parent to a family structure. (See the chapter on the Individual Editor) ====================================================================== .I. CSORT UTILITY ---------------------------------------------------------------------- The program CSORT.EXE is used to fix corruption of any of the following data files: INDIVID.DAT, MARRIAGE.DAT, PLACE.DAT . On occasion, you may find that reports or name searches do not work properly. For example they may not display names in their proper order, or the program may drop to DOS on certain functions which access a data file. Try using the CSORT utility to fix the key file corruptions. To use CSORT you must be at the DOS prompt. The program CSORT.EXE and the data files must be in the same sub-directory. Enter CSORT followed by the name of the file to fix: CSORT INDIVID CSORT MARRIAGE CSORT PLACE ====================================================================== .J. RESEARCH SUGGESTIONS ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Following are some standard conventions which should be used when working with Family Trees. .1. INDIVIDUAL NAMING CONVENTIONS Persons Name: A persons name should always be shown in it's proper order with surnames in CAPITAL LETTERS. DO NOT show last name first, comma, given names (BROWN, Edward Joseph). Below are examples of appropriate names: Standard English/American: Ira Johan LUND Scandinavian name with appended ancestry locality name: Johan Severin SVENDSEN Rage Oriental (Surnames always first): ZHENG Chooi Fong .2. PLACE NAMING CONVENTIONS Place names: Place names usually consist of three (occasionally two or four) names: City, County/Province, State/Country. To save space I do not enter "spaces" after the commas. Below are several examples of place names: Clarksville,Montgomery,Tennessee Stavanger,Rogaland,Norway Logan,Cache,Utah Mosbjerg,Hjorring,Denmark .3. DATE CONVENTIONS Dates: Never write a month with a number (02/11/91). Such a date could be interpreted several ways. International usage of month and day order is different from standard U.S. usage. A date such as above could be Feb 11th or Nov 2nd. The year is also ambiguous. Is it 1991 or 1891? Standard nomenclature should always be DD MMM YYYY (Example: 11 Feb 1891). You should not attempt to convert a date to the Gregorian Calendar. Write it as given in the original documents. I have devised my own method of writing Chinese dates (which have been given verbally). The Chinese calendar consists of 12 months 30 days long. Every few years a 13th month is inserted to help keep the year close to the correct astronomical year. The name of the months, when translated literally are First Month, Second Month and so on. The extra 13th month can be inserted between any other month of the year, but is not called the Thirteenth month, but rather, the Extra Month After the Xth Month. So I write these months as M01, M02, and so on. The extra 13th month I write as X03 or X05, as appropriate. Thus an entire date: 12 M06 1912. ====================================================================== .APPENDIX A: TROUBLESHOOTING AND PRODUCT SUPPORT ---------------------------------------------------------------------- As of the creation of this program, Cumberland Software is simply a one man operation. If you need help you may call me any weekday evening and I will try my best to help you. I value your input and ideas - that's how Cumberland Family Tree has become as good as it is. (See the Acknowledgments) However, before you call me could you please read the instructions below. If you follow these instructions it will help me by saving my time on the phone and being able to better understand your problem: Call (615) 647-4012 - Ask for Ira Lund. If I am not home leave a message with my family or on my answering machine. I will get back to you as soon as I can. If you do not hear back from me within a couple of days, then please try again. It usually means I have gone on vacation or somehow failed to receive your message. I do not deliberately avoid any messages. You may also write to me or send me messages via CompuServe (70713,3476). These methods allow me to answer at my convenience rather than yours. .TROUBLESHOOTING "It doesn't work" may sum up your feelings about a problem, but these words are useless if you need help from a consultant or programmer. You can minimize frustration and save time by learning to provide specific details that will lead to a solution. Remember that nearly 80 percent of computer problems are caused by user errors. Before running any software, read the instructions. You don't have to read every word just to get started. You can find the sections of the manual that tell you how to begin, and those that apply to the task you are trying to perform. With large manuals, there is usually a table of contents and an index. Skim these to familiarize yourself with the topics that are discussed. Then you'll know where to look when you have a question. With shorter manuals, such as those that come with most shareware products, go ahead and read the whole thing. It's embarrassing to mail a long letter or make a long distance phone call, only to find that everything you needed to know was on page 2. Before assuming a program "doesn't work", check a few simple items. Is the computer plugged in and turned on? Are all necessary devices (such as the monitor and printer) connected properly and turned on? Did you spell the command correctly when you typed it? Are you logged onto the right disk drive and directory? Is it possible that the program has system requirements that you don't meet, such as a hard disk, or a certain amount of memory? If memory seems to be the problem, do you have "memory resident" programs (also called TSRs or "pop-up" utilities) which can be removed from memory? Try running the program on a different computer. If the program worked in the past, but doesn't now, can you think of anything that has changed since the last time you used it? Have you moved the computer or made changes in any of the connecting cables? Is it possible there has been damage of some kind, or that files have been erased? Have you added any new memory-resident programs or device drivers which might cause a conflict? If you see an error message on screen, copy it completely and exactly. Don't try to remember it! If possible, make a print-screen of the message. On most computers, you can do this by holding down the SHIFT key while you press the PRINT SCREEN key (sometimes abbreviated to PRT SC). The purpose of the error message is to convey specific information to the programmer so that the problem can be solved. Your consultant will need the exact wording of the message in order to interpret it correctly. Many error messages include an explanation that can help you solve the problem yourself. Some error messages are explained for you in the program manual. When reporting a problem, be very specific. What were you trying to do? How did you do it? What did you expect to happen? What actually happened? Exactly what did you do just before the problem occurred? What did you do afterwards? What did you see on the screen? Have you had different or similar results in the past? Can you reproduce the problem and describe the circumstances under which it occurs? Is there a consistent pattern of some sort? I support my users, and am happy to answer your questions and help solve any difficulties you may have. Please understand that there is a limit to the amount of help I can give you with software which I did not write. If you are having continuing difficulty with DOS commands, you probably need to study your DOS manual or contact MicroSoft for help. If you are baffled by your menu system, your best bet is to talk to the person who installed it, or to the author of the menu software. I have discovered that if I respond to non-registered users as well as those who are registered, I usually get a registration. Therefore, if you have not registered but are having trouble and wish to call, please do. It probably means you are serious about wanting to use my product. But please don't abuse the shareware system. If you really do use the product after I have helped, then register. That is the right thing to do and besides it is illegal to use the product after the 30 day trial period. ====================================================================== .APPENDIX B: ERROR MESSAGES ---------------------------------------------------------------------- * "Abnormal Program Termination" If you receive this error message when trying to start the program it means that you do not have enough free memory. Check your memory and try to remove drivers and TSR programs that may be using too much memory. For Versions of DOS 4.0 and below use the CHKDSK command to check your memory. For DOS 5.0 and above use the MEM command. Check your DOS manual on how to use these commands. * "Cannot Execute ...\CTREE.EXE" If you receive this error message when trying to start the program it means that you do not have enough free memory. See error "Abnormal Program Termination". * "Error on LPT1" or other printer port If you receive this message when trying to print a report it means that your printer is turned off or it is off line. Correct the problem and press "R" to retry. If you press "A" to abort, the program will stop and you will be dropped back to the DOS prompt. Pressing "F" (Fail) or "I" (Ignore) has no effect. * "Insufficient Memory" If you ever receive this error message at any time during program execution then you do not have enough free memory. See error "Abnormal Program Termination". * "Invalid Data File" or "Invalid Key File" If you ever receive one of these messages at any time during program execution then your data files have become corrupt. There are only two solutions to this problem. 1) Restore a recent backup of your data files. If you do this you will have lost all of the work you have done since the backup was made. 2) You can backup all data files onto a diskette and mail to me with a $10 fee and I will restore your data as best as I can. I cannot guarantee that I will be able to recover all of your data. However, in the past I have been able to recover all but 5-20 individuals. To avoid receiving these errors in the future, be very careful to exit the program after each use. Invariably the cause of corrupt data is from turning off the computer or re-booting while the program is running. * "Subscript out of Range" I hope that you never see this error. If you do or if you see any other error not specifically defined in this appendix then please call me with specific information as to what you were doing to obtain this error. In all likelihood the cause of this error is a bug in the program. * "Too Many Open Files" If you ever get this message it simply means that you need to increase the number of files in the CONFIG.SYS file of your root directory. Edit CONFIG.SYS and add the lines FILES=40 and BUFFERS=20 as indicated in the installation section. Remember that you must re-boot the computer for these changes to take effect. ----------------------------------------------------------------------